University
"A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees. A university provides both tertiary and quaternary education. University is derived from the Latin universitas, meaning corporation (since the first medieval European universities were simply groups of scholars)." (Wikipedia, 2005).
The organization of universities has played a major part in the organization of knowledge, both conceptually and in libraries (cf., Wallerstein, 1996). Concepts such as Behavioral sciences, social sciences, humanities and so on are highly influenced by the organizational structures of elite universities.
Literature:
Bok, D. (2003). Universities in the Marketplace: The
commercialisation of Higher Education.
New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Bourdieu, P. & Passeron, J-C. (1977). Reproduction in Education, Society, and Culture. London: Sage.
Converse, P. E. (2001). Centers for Advanced Study: International/Interdisciplinary. IN: Smelser, N. J. & Baltes, P. B. (eds.). International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science. (Pp. 1613-1615).
Court, D. (2001). Policy Knowledge: Universities. IN: Smelser, N. J. & Baltes, P. B. (eds.). International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science. (Pp. 11606-11608).
Eynon, R.
(2007). Universities in transition: Commercialization and the 21st century
university. Information Society, 23(1), 65-67.
Fend, H. (2005). Educational Institutions and Society. IN: Smelser, N. J. & Baltes, P. B. (eds.). International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science. (Pp. 4262-4266).
Fletcher, J. M. (1989). University. Vol. 4, pp. 271-274 IN: International Encyclopedia of Communications Vol. 1-4. Ed. by Erik Barnouw et al. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Roeder, P. M. (2001). Educational Institutions, History of. IN: Smelser, N. J. & Baltes, P. B. (eds.). International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science. (Pp. 4266-4272).
Rosovsky, H. (1991). The University: An Owners Manual. New York: Norton.
Ruegg, W. (Ed). (1992-2004). A History of the University in Europe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (3 vols., 4 vols. planned). (Originally published in English, but it is also available in German, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian and Chinese).
Taylor, W, (1986), Organisational Culture and
Administrative Leadership in Universities. In
Leadership and Organisational Culture, (eds. Sergiovanni, T.J. and
Corbally, J.E.)
pp.125-141, Illini Books, University of Illinois.
van Raan, A. F. J. (2005), Fatal Attraction: Conceptual and methodological problems in the ranking of universities by bibliometric methods , Scientometrics, Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 133-143.
Wallerstein, I.. (1996). Open the Social Sciences, report of the Gulbenkian Commission on the Restructuring of the Social Sciences. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. (Click for Hjørland, review of Wallerstein.PDF).
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2005). University. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University
Directory:
The World of Learning. Published by Europa Publications.
A directory to the organizations and institutions throughout the entire sphere of higher education and learning. Arranged alphabetically by country, this reference work lists over 26,000 universities, colleges, schools of art and music, libraries, learned societies, research institutes, museums and art galleries in over 180 countries. It is revised annually (46th edition came 2005). Available in print and online.
See also: Research institution
Birger Hjørland
Last edited: 25-01-2007